Post 
Tempat Pemesanan Pakaian Terlengkap & Termurah Celana Legging,
Hotpants, Sontok, Kolor, Aladin) Panjang / Pendek dan Kaos
('Tersanjung', Singlet, Batik)
Cipayung, Depok, Jawa Barat,
Indonesia,
by D.A. Satriadi
Apa yang akan Anda
jumpai pada tulisan ini?
Daftar
Isi - Pendahuluan-untuk pelajar
- Pegangan Guru - Ucapan terima kasih -
Some Parts Of A Sentence - Eight Simple Sentence Patterns
- Sixteen (
16) Tenses of the verb - The Simple
Present Tense - Exercises (=
latihan) - The Present Continuous
Tense - Exercises - The Present
Perfect Tense - Exercises - The
Present Perfect Continuous Tense -
Exercises - The Simple Past Tense - Exercises
- The Past Continuous
Tense - Exercises - The Past Perfect Tense -
Exercises - The Past
Perfect Continuous Tense - Exercises - The
Simple Future Tense
- Exercises - The Future
Continuous Tense - Exercises - The
Future Perfect Tense - Exercises - The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- Exercises - The Past Future Tense -
Exercises - The Past Future
Continuous Tense - Exercises - The
Past
Future Perfect Tense - Exercises - The Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense - Exercises - Appendix 1 Verb Tenses
Chart - Appendix 2 Graphic
Comparison - Appendix 3 List of
Irregular Verbs - Appendix 4
Verbs that cannot usually be used in Continuous or Progressive Forms
-
References
7. The Past Perfect Tense
The Past Perfect Tense terbentuk
dari kata bantu had dan kata
kerja ketiga (past participle).
Pembuatan
kalimat negatifnya (= menyangkal) dengan menambahkan not (had not = hadn’t), sedangkan interogatif
(=bertanya) dengan menempatkan had
di depan subyek.
Dalam tenses ini, kejadiannya sudah sempurna dilakukan atau sudah sempurna terjadi di waktu lampau, sebelum peristiwa lain terjadi di waktu lampau juga. Kalimat yang digarisbawahi di atas, yang berbentuk simple past atau past continuous merupakan penambah informasi kapan dilakukan atau terjadinya isi kalimat Past Perfect. Dengan demikian, The Past Perfect Tense tidak bisa berdiri sendiri begitu saja.
Dalam tenses ini, kejadiannya sudah sempurna dilakukan atau sudah sempurna terjadi di waktu lampau, sebelum peristiwa lain terjadi di waktu lampau juga. Kalimat yang digarisbawahi di atas, yang berbentuk simple past atau past continuous merupakan penambah informasi kapan dilakukan atau terjadinya isi kalimat Past Perfect. Dengan demikian, The Past Perfect Tense tidak bisa berdiri sendiri begitu saja.
(+) S + had + V3 + O/Adv.
(-) S + had + not + V3 + O/Adv.
(?) Had + S + V3 + O/Adv.
Fungsi dan Contoh:
i. menyatakan bahwa sesuatu sudah sempurna terjadi sebelum
peristiwa lain terjadi pada waktu lampau.
- When I arrived at the party, Tom had already gone home.
- When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my flat and had stolen my fur coat.
- George didn’t want to come to the cinema with us because he had seen the film twice.
- The lecture did not begin until every one had arrived.
- It was my first time in an aeroplane. I was very nervous because I hadn’t flown before.
- I left as soon as the meeting had ended.
- When she got there,
everyone had gone home.
dan sudah terlaksana.
- He had been in the army for twenty years.
- Tom was then 23. His father had died five years before.
- Bill was in uniform when I met him. He had been a soldier for ten years (since seventeen), and planned to stay in trhe army till he was thirty.
- Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years (ever since she was born, and had no wish to move to a tower block.
- The old oak tree, which had stood in the churchyard for 300 years (since before the church was built), suddenly crashed to the ground.
- Peter, who had waited for an hour (since ten o’clock), was very angry with his sister when she eventually turned up.
- He had served in the army for ten years; then he had retired and married. His children were now at school.
iii. menggantikan The Present Perfect
Tense atau The Simple Past
Tense ketika terjadi perubahan kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat
tidak langsung.
Tense ketika terjadi perubahan kalimat langsung menjadi kalimat
tidak langsung.
- The lecture said, “I have studied the problem for years.“
- The lecture said that he had studied the problem for years.
- “I haven’t seen Bill for
a while, “Charlie said. Charlie said that he hadn’t seen Bill
for a while.
- “Tom had an accident last week but he wasn’t injured,” Charlie said.
- Charlie said that Tom had had an accident last week but he hadn’t been ijured.
- You’ve overcooked the steak again, Mary,‘ he said.
- He told Mary that she had overcooked the steak again.
bertentangan dengan fakta karena sesuatu di masa lampau
berbeda. Fungsi ke-4 ini tidak menekankan pada bentuk kalimat
pengandaiannya (conditional sentence), tetapi pada pemakaian
tenses ini sendiri.
- If only you had told me. (= but you didn’t tell me.)
- I wish you had come with us.
- If Cleon had know the facts, he would have told you.
- If Mr. Sutejo had studied hard, he would have passed his examinations.
- Had I seen you, would
have said hello..
EXERCISES
I. Choose A, B, C, D, or E as the best answer by crossing (X) it. (Pililah A,
B, C, D, atau E jawaban yang paling benar dengan memberi tanda silang.)
1. Oscar … already left when you arrived.
A. he B. just C. had D. was E. for
2. The landlord … just rented the apartment when I got there.
A. almost B. have C. has to D. had E. for
3. … They rented it before you called. ?
A. how B. who C. did D. had E. for
4. Rani … not gone to sleep when the television was on.
A. had B. has C. have D. has to E. is
5. … had lived here when the world war began.
A. A book B. They C. bring D. will E. had
6. She hadn’t … anything to me since she came here.
A. spoke B. spoken C. speak D. speaks E. speaking
7. Rio … just …. Home when you left yesterday.
A. has-go C. had-brought E. had-came
B. had-gone D. has-looked for
8. You … better than me before I told you the story.
A. had know B. had knew C. know D. knows E. are knowing
9. There was nobody at school when you were there.
Everybody … out of it already.
A. goes B. go C. had gone D. has gone E. to go
10. Jack and brown arrived at the railway station late. The rain …
already …
A. had-leaved C. was-arrived E. had-left
B. is-leaving D. had-arrived
11. The Surya family had watched television … four and a half hours.
A. in B. had C. since D. for E. with
12. I graduated my university well in 1991.my father had expected it …
A. three years ago C. yesterday E. tomorrow
B. three years before D. now
13. We hadn’t woken up … when you knocked on the door.
A. just B. already C. yet D. for E. before
14. Had Rini studied her lessons when her friend Eti visited her?
A. Yes, she does. C. Yes, she had. E. Yes, she hadn’t
B. No, she didn’t. D. No, he had.
15. The correct negative form of the past perfect tense is … .
A. tom didn’t go home last night while it was happening
B. she doesn’t know him because she always stays at home
C. I am not listening to the radio right now
D. the show didn’t go on until the crowd hadn’t thrown anything
one another
E. We haven’t made a cake yet since last month
16. The negative form of the Past Perfect Tense is … .
A. The snake didn’t bitten people when they came closer to it.
B. The snake had not bitten people when they come closer to it.
C. The snake had not bitten people when they came closer to it.
D. The snake had not bit people when they came closer to it.
E. The people had not bite the snake when they came closer to it.
17. The interrogative form of the Past Perfect Tense is …
A. Have you arrived there since I wanted to go?
B. Had you arrived there when I was on my way?
C. Did you arrived there yesterday morning?
D. Do you arrive on time?
E. Have you arrived there since 7 o’clock?
18. The correct interrogative form of the Past Perfect Tense is …
A. Had she already arranged to had done anything else when
I invited her to dinner last night?
B. Had she already arrange to do anything else when I invited
her to dinner last night?
C. Had she already arrange to do anything else when I invite
her to dinner last night?
D. Had she already arranged to go anything else while I invited
her to dinner last night?
E. Had she already arranged to do anything else when I invited
her to dinner last night?
19. I wanted to be an actor, but I didn’t go to IKJ. If I … to IKJ, I would
have been a movie star.
A. had gone B. have gone C. went D. go E. am going
20. People know that she was poor two years ago. Does she wish she …
rich two years ago?
A. is B. was C. had been D. were E. be
II. Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets. You
went back to your home town after many years and you found
that many things were different. (Lengkapi kalimat-kalimat berikut
dengan menggunakan kata kerja dalam kurung. Kamu pulang
kampung setelah beberapa tahun dan sadar bahwa banyak yang
telah berubah.)
Example:
Most of my friends were no longer there.
They had left ( leave ).
1. My best friend, Kevin, was no longer there. He … (go) away.
2. The local cinema was no longer open. It … (close) down.
3. Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He … (die).
4. I didn’t recognise Mrs. Johnson. She … (change) a lot.
5. Bill no longer had his car. He … (sell) it.
III. Change the sentence below into the Past Perfect Tense and add
your answer with … when Dea was born. (Rubahlah kalimat-kalimat
di bawah ini menjadi The Past Perfect Tense dan tambahkan jawaban
Anda dengan … when Dea was born )
1. Patrick is there.
………………………………………….
2. Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
………………………………………….
3. The doorbell is ringing.
………………………………………….
4. People are waiting for the Living English Tenses.
………………………………………….
5. We didn’t know the train accident.
………………………………………….
6. When did you meet him?
………………………………………….
7. I’ve heard John married to Jane.
………………………………………….
8. His father has already finished the publication.
………………………………………….
9. Donny and Derry weren’t enjoying the programs on TV.
………………………………………….
10. I have been waiting for Didi since ten.
………………………………………….
1. Thomson, A.J., & Martinet, A.V., A Practical English Grammar, Oxford University
Press, third edition, Oxford, 1990
2. Murphy, Raymond, English Grammar In Use, Cambridge University Press, six
printing, New York, 1988
3. Hornby, AS, Guide To Patterns And Usage In English, second edition, Oxford, 1975
4. Wishon, E., George, & Burks, M., Julia, Let’s Write English, American Book
Company, revised edition, New York, 1988
5. English Alfa Books 1, 2, 3 and 4, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1980
6. Allen, W. Stannard, Living English Structure – A Practice Book For Foregin Students,
P.T. Dian Rakyat – Longmans, second Dian Rakjat Impression, Djakarta, 1970
7. Dixson, Robeert J., Graded Exercises In English, Regents Publishing Company
Inc., a new revised edition, USA., 1971
8. Taylor, Grant, Mastering American English, McGraw – Hill Book Company, Inc.,
New York, 1956
9. John M. Echols, Hassan Shadily, Kamus Inggris-Indonesia, PT. Gramedia
Jakarta, Jakarta, 2000
10. John M. Echols, Hassan Shadily, Kamus Indonesia-Inggris Cetakan XXIV,
PT. Gramedia Jakarta, Jakarta, 1990
11. Saefudin, A., Bunga Rampai EBTANAS Bahasa Inggris SMA, PT.Intan
Pariwara, edisi kedua, Klaten, 1988
12. Simanjuntak, Herpinus, Bahasa Inggris Sistem 52 M Jilid 1, Kesaint Blanc,
Jakarta, 1989
13. Sudrajat, M.T., & Besari, Ismail, Pembahasan Metoda 2000 Soal Bahasa Inggris,
Penerbit M2S, Bandung, 1985
14. Wardiman, Artono, Drs., Buku Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris SMA I, II, III, Ganeca
Exact, Bandung, 1988
15. http://www.englishclub.com/reading/proverbs-meaning.htm
16. http://www.tolearnenglish.com
17. http://www.iei.uiuc.edu/structure/Structure1/fieldadjs.html
18. http://www.englishbaby.com
19. http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar
20. http://www.esl-library.com
21. www.english-portal.net
Tentang Penulis
Sementara pengalaman yang pernah
dipetiknya sewaktu di Lembaga Pendidikan Yayasan “Setia Negara” yaitu
Lokakarya Pemantapan Kurikulum 1994 Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (14-15
Januari 1995), Pusdiklat LPIA, Zero
Defect Quality (9-12 Juni 2003)
merupakan hal yang sangat membantu alur penulisan naskah yang mudah
dipahami bagi pembacanya. Contoh-contoh kalimat yang diberikan juga
cukup praktis yang merupakan petikan pengalaman karya komunikatif
semasa masih sebagai Visa Section
Staff, Embassy of Japan at
Jakarta
(1994-1995), Personnel & General Affairs Staff, Nissho Iwai
Corporation in Jakarta Office (1995-2000), SMK Izzata, Wakasek
Kesiswaan & Kurikulum, School
Administration and Management,
(2004-2007), dan Student Apprentice
Coordinator, Practical
English
Course, English Instructor
and
Branch Manager / Vice Head of
Depok
Division (2005-2006).
Saat
ini
penulis
aktif
sebagai
pimpinan
manajemen
di
lembaga
International
English
Instittute
(IEI) for everyone beserta
rekan-rekannya yang menangani pendidikan dan pelatihan Bahasa Inggris
secara komunikatif bagi para pesertanya, di samping juga melayani
permintaan penerjemahan teks atau buku berbahasa Ingris dari kliennya
dan mengajar di salah satu SMU suasta di Jakarta.
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