Post 
Tempat Pemesanan Pakaian Terlengkap & Termurah Celana Legging,
Hotpants, Sontok, Kolor, Aladin) Panjang / Pendek dan Kaos
('Tersanjung', Singlet, Batik)
Cipayung, Depok, Jawa Barat,
Indonesia, Kode Pos 16437,
by D.A. Satriadi
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jumpai pada tulisan ini?
Daftar Isi - Pendahuluan-untuk pelajar - Pegangan Guru - Ucapan terima kasih - Some Parts Of A Sentence - Eight Simple Sentence Patterns - Sixteen ( 16) Tenses of the verb - The Simple Present Tense - Exercises (=
latihan) - The Present Continuous Tense - Exercises - The Present Perfect Tense - Exercises - The Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Exercises - The Simple Past Tense - Exercises
- The Past Continuous
Tense - Exercises - The Past Perfect Tense -
Exercises - The Past
Perfect Continuous Tense - Exercises - The
Simple Future Tense
- Exercises - The Future
Continuous Tense - Exercises - The
Future Perfect Tense - Exercises - The Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- Exercises - The Past Future Tense -
Exercises - The Past Future
Continuous Tense - Exercises - The
Past
Future Perfect Tense - Exercises - The Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense - Exercises - Appendix 1 Verb Tenses
Chart - Appendix 2 Graphic
Comparison - Appendix 3 List of
Irregular Verbs - Appendix 4
Verbs that cannot usually be used in Continuous or Progressive Forms
-
References
1. The
Simple Present Tense
The Simple Present Tense secara umum dapat Anda gunakan untuk kegiatan yang dilakukan sehari-hari atau peristiwa yang berlangsung terus-menerus dan menjadi kebiasaan. Dalam tense ini terdapat dua struktur kalimat, pertama menggunakan atau linking verb be (kata kerja penghubung), yaitu am, is dan are. Kata kerja ini dapat berarti ada, berada, adalah, tapi padanannya tersebut sering kali tidak diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia sama sekali. Bentuk negative am not, is not, dan are not. Sedangkan bentuk interrogative (pertanyaan) dibuat dengan menempatkan kata kerja sebelum subyek: Am I….?, Is he…..?, Is she….?, Is it….?, Are you….?, Are we…..?, Are they……?, dan seterusnya. (peniadaan) dibuat dengan menambahkan kata setelah kata kerja tersebut:
Contracted forms (= bentuk-bentuk penyingkatan) yang biasanya terdapat dalam kalimat percakapan informalI am = I'm, you are = you're, we are = we're, they are = they're, he is = he's, she is = she's, it is = it's, is not = isn't, dan are not = aren't. Di dalam kalimat linking verb menghubungkan subyek dengan noun, adjective, adverb atau prepositional phrase of place sebagai complement (pelengkap penderita, penyerta, pelaku). Perhatikan perbedaannya di bawah ini:
I am a student. (student adalah jenis kata benda)
She is not stupid. (stupid adalah jenis kata sifat)
Are you still there? (there adalah jenis kata keterangan)
They are in the living room. (in the living room adalah frase kata kata depan menyatakan tempat)
Struktur kalimat lainnya menggunakan kata kerja utama (main verb) yang memiliki arti masing-masing, seperti: eat – (makan), eats, go – goes (pergi), play – plays (bermain / memainkan), speak – speaks (berbicara), dan sebagainya. Setelah subyek I, you, we, dan they diikuti kata kerja dasar: I eat, you eat, we eat, dan they eat, Toni and Teni eat, the teachers eat dan seterusnya, namun setelah subyek he, she, it diikuti kata kerja dasar ditambah partikel -s atau -es: he eats, she eats, it eats, Jane eats, the rabbit eats, dan seterusnya.
Kata bantu do untuk subyek: I, you, we, they, dan does untuk subyek: he, she, it digunakan dalam kalimat negative dan interrogative. Bentuk contracted (= penyingkatan ) do not = don't, dan does not = doesn't. Di dalam kalimat tertulis seperti berikut: I don't, you don't, we don't, they don't, he doesn't, she doesn't, it doesn't, do I ….?, do you ….?, do we....? do they ….?, do Dony and Kemal …..?, do Ita and her friends …..?, does he ….?, does she ….?, does it….?, does Devi …..?, does the crocodile ……?, dan seterusnya. Untuk diperhatikan, di dalam bentuk kalimat negative atau interrogative menggunakan kata kerja bentuk dasar (V1).
Dalam tense ini seringkali digunakan kata keterangan, seperti: always, (=selalu), often (=sering), usually (=biasanya), sometimes (=kadang-kadang), normally (=umumnya), seldom (=jarang), never (=tidak pernah), every … (=setiap …….) yang acapkali terdapat kalimat ini.
Pola kalimat
dengan Linking Verb (kata
kerja penghubung / verb be):
(+) S + linking verb (be: am / is / are) + O/Adv.
(-) S + linking verb (be: am / is / are) + not + O/Adv.
(?) Be + S + O/Adv.
Pola kalimat
dengan Main Verb (kata kerja
utama):
(+) S + V1 (s / es) + O/Adv.
(-) S + do / does + not + V1 + O/Adv.
(?) Do / Does + S + + V1 + O/Adv.
Fungsi dan Contoh:
i. The Simple Present Tense untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang dilakukan
berulang-ulang atau menjadi
kebiasaan.
- I go to school every day.
- He always gets up at seven o'clock.
- Do you always get up so late?
- We take a bath at six o'clock every day.
ii.
untuk menyatakan kebenaran
umum yang tidak dapat dibantah.
- The sun rises in the east.
- The sun sets in the west.
- The cat meows.
- A week has seven days.
- The earth goes round the sun.
iii. untuk menyatakan fakta.
- He loves football.
- She is Indonesian.
- IEI lies in the center section of town.
- Legislative assembly represents their people in the parliament.
iv. untuk menyatakan tindakan yang sudah diatur oleh suatu
daftar
atau
jadual atau direncanakan akan berlangsung di masa yang
akan datang.
- He plays football every Tuesday.
- When the bell rings, the students rise from their seats.
- Moslems pray five times a day.
- Mr. Aga attends the Board of Directors meeting tomorrow.
- What do you want to do after this?
- The American tourists arrive at New Depok terminal tomorrow.
- It is 7 o'clock now. The next train leaves at 7:20.
- The bus leaves at 9:00 tonight as usual.
v. untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang berlangsung setelah
tindakan
lainnya.
- He plays football and then he goes home.
- If Charlie speaks Indonesian well, his father will buy him a sport car.
- He says that he will look for a job next week.
- I know that she is going to win that prize.
- Mary says that she can play the piano.
- James tells his friends that Boris and Andy are good tennis players.
- We hope that you can speak English better.
vi. untuk membicarakan tentang frequency (tingkat keseringan).
- This computer is always used by Mr. Kemal. (passive voice)
- They do not often have bread for breakfast every morning.
- We seldom drink coffee.
- He rarely goes to shool by his own car.
EXERCISES
I. Choose A, B, C, D, or E as the best answer by crossing (X) it.
(Pililah A, B, C, D, atau E jawaban yang paling benar dengan
memberi
tanda silang.)1. They …………music.
A. can’t B. like C. are D. likes E. be
2. I …… my bicyle to school every day.
A. ride B.‘m ride C.riding D. rides E. rider
3. You…… tennis on Saturday.
A. plays B. playing C. is playing D. play E. to play
4. I …… my lessons at SMEA Setia Negara every day.
A. study B. studies C. studying D. studied E. to study
5. You…… my friends at school now.
A. am B. is C.are D. is E. were
6. She ……. a trip together every month.
A. take B. takes C. to take D. took E. taken
7. He…. not kiss his son before going to school every morning.
A. is B.are C. was D. do E. does
8. The dog ….. not stay outside every night.
A. was B. is C. do D. does E. did
9. …. the school give best of the best student a scholarship?
A. Does B. Do C. Is D. Was E. Doing
10. Ari and Ira …. not walk to school every day?
A. did B. do C. does D. doing E. done
11. ….they …. Emglish to Dea at school every day?
A. Do-speaks C. Does-speaks E. Does-spoke
B. Does-speak D. Do-speak
12. Rini: Excuse me. Do you know where to go the railway station?
Ricky: …. . I’m sorry.
A. Yes C. Yes, I do E. No, I don’t
B. No, I do D. Yes, I don’t
13. Tom …. his father’s camera.
A. uses B. using C. like D. have E. break
14. Alan …. TV in the evening.
A. watching B. like C. has D. watches E. is
15. Helen … her schedule every week.
A. change B. taking C. changes D. like E. find
16. Do we have to take our raincoats? Yes, you…. .
A. have B. does C. has D. do E. are
17. “What time is it?” Helen ….. .
A. say B. saying C. ask D. asks E. tells
18. They …. want an expensive watch. They want an inexpensive one.
A. doesn’t B. are C. can D. like E. don’t
19. …. this your tie, Peter? No, it’s not mine.
A. Does B. Do C. Did D. Are E. Is
20. They ….. breakfast at 7.40 every day.
A. eat B. eating C. eats D. is E. are
II. Complete the sentences below by using verb be. (Lengkapilah kalimat-
kalimat di bawah ini dengan menggunakan kata kerja be.)
1. I ……… American.
2. She ………. not my sister.
3. ……… you Mr. Eddy?
4. How old ………. you?
5. ………….. Ann Chinese?
6. It …….. not a motorcycle. It’s a bicycle.
7. Hallo, my name ……Dian. And you?
8. You and I ……… good friends.
9. Peter ………… eighteen years old.
10. …….. I Jakartan? Yes, you are.
III. Change the paragraph below into the negative form. (Rubahlah paragraf
di bawah ini ke dalam bentuk negatif.)
I
get
up
at
5
o’
clock
every
morning.
I make a bed (merapihkan). I take a
bath. I pray. I have my breakfast. I prepare my books, a pen or a
pencil, and a bag. I read my lessons again for 10 minutes. I put them
in my bag. I am ready to go to school now. I tell my parents. I kiss
their hands. At 6:30 I go to school on foot.
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
IV. Rewrite the paragraph above by changing I into He. (Tulis kembali
paragraf di atas dengan mengubah I menjadi He.)
........……………………...…………………………………………………
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
........……………………...……………………………………………………….
1. Thomson, A.J., & Martinet, A.V., A Practical English Grammar, Oxford University
Press, third edition, Oxford, 1990
2. Murphy, Raymond, English Grammar In Use, Cambridge University Press, six
printing, New York, 1988
3. Hornby, AS, Guide To Patterns And Usage In English, second edition, Oxford, 1975
4. Wishon, E., George, & Burks, M., Julia, Let’s Write English, American Book
Company, revised edition, New York, 1988
5. English Alfa Books 1, 2, 3 and 4, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1980
6. Allen, W. Stannard, Living English Structure – A Practice Book For Foregin Students,
P.T. Dian Rakyat – Longmans, second Dian Rakjat Impression, Djakarta, 1970
7. Dixson, Robeert J., Graded Exercises In English, Regents Publishing Company
Inc., a new revised edition, USA., 1971
8. Taylor, Grant, Mastering American English, McGraw – Hill Book Company, Inc.,
New York, 1956
9. John M. Echols, Hassan Shadily, Kamus Inggris-Indonesia, PT. Gramedia
Jakarta, Jakarta, 2000
10. John M. Echols, Hassan Shadily, Kamus Indonesia-Inggris Cetakan XXIV,
PT. Gramedia Jakarta, Jakarta, 1990
11. Saefudin, A., Bunga Rampai EBTANAS Bahasa Inggris SMA, PT.Intan
Pariwara, edisi kedua, Klaten, 1988
12. Simanjuntak, Herpinus, Bahasa Inggris Sistem 52 M Jilid 1, Kesaint Blanc,
Jakarta, 1989
13. Sudrajat, M.T., & Besari, Ismail, Pembahasan Metoda 2000 Soal Bahasa Inggris,
Penerbit M2S, Bandung, 1985
14. Wardiman, Artono, Drs., Buku Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris SMA I, II, III, Ganeca
Exact, Bandung, 1988
15. http://www.englishclub.com/reading/proverbs-meaning.htm
16. http://www.tolearnenglish.com
17. http://www.iei.uiuc.edu/structure/Structure1/fieldadjs.html
18. http://www.englishbaby.com
19. http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar
20. http://www.esl-library.com
21. www.english-portal.net
Tentang
Penulis
Sementara pengalaman yang pernah
dipetiknya sewaktu di Lembaga Pendidikan Yayasan “Setia Negara” yaitu
Lokakarya Pemantapan Kurikulum 1994 Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (14-15
Januari 1995), Pusdiklat LPIA, Zero
Defect Quality (9-12 Juni 2003)
merupakan hal yang sangat membantu alur penulisan naskah yang mudah
dipahami bagi pembacanya. Contoh-contoh kalimat yang diberikan juga
cukup praktis yang merupakan petikan pengalaman karya komunikatif
semasa masih sebagai Visa Section
Staff, Embassy of Japan at
Jakarta
(1994-1995), Personnel & General Affairs Staff, Nissho Iwai
Corporation in Jakarta Office (1995-2000), SMK Izzata, Wakasek
Kesiswaan & Kurikulum, School
Administration and Management,
(2004-2007), dan Student Apprentice
Coordinator, Practical
English
Course, English Instructor
and
Branch Manager / Vice Head of
Depok
Division (2005-2006).
Saat
ini
penulis
aktif
sebagai
pimpinan
manajemen
di
lembaga
International
English
Instittute
(IEI) for everyone beserta
rekan-rekannya yang menangani pendidikan dan pelatihan Bahasa Inggris
secara komunikatif bagi para pesertanya, di samping juga melayani
permintaan penerjemahan teks atau buku berbahasa Inggris dari kliennya
dan mengajar di salah satu SMU suasta di Jakarta.
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